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Kodi chowotcha cha semiconductor ndi chiyani?
Chophika chophatikizira cha semiconductor ndi kagawo kakang'ono kozungulira kozungulira ka semiconductor komwe kumakhala ngati maziko opangira ma circulatory ophatikizika (ICs) ndi zida zina zamagetsi. Chophimbacho chimapereka malo ophwanyika komanso yunifolomu pomwe zida zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi zimamangidwa.
Njira yopangira zowotcha imaphatikizapo masitepe angapo, kuphatikiza kukulitsa kristalo wamkulu wazinthu zofunidwa za semiconductor, kusisita kristaloyo kukhala zowonda zopyapyala pogwiritsa ntchito macheka a diamondi, kenako kupukuta ndi kuyeretsa zowotchazo kuti zichotse zolakwika zilizonse kapena zonyansa. Zotsatira zake zimakhala zosalala komanso zosalala bwino, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri popanga njira zopangira.
Zophika zikakonzedwa, zimakhala ndi njira zingapo zopangira semiconductor, monga photolithography, etching, deposition, ndi doping, kuti apange mapangidwe ovuta komanso zigawo zofunika kuti apange zida zamagetsi. Njirazi zimabwerezedwa kangapo pa chowotcha chimodzi kuti apange mabwalo angapo ophatikizika kapena zida zina.
Ntchito yopangirayo ikamalizidwa, tchipisi tating'onoting'ono timapatulidwa ndikudula chophatikiziracho motsatira mizere yokonzedweratu. Tchipisi zopatulidwazo zimayikidwa kuti zitetezedwe ndikupereka maulumikizidwe amagetsi kuti aphatikizidwe ndi zida zamagetsi.
Zida zosiyanasiyana pa mtanda
Zophika za semiconductor zimapangidwa makamaka kuchokera ku silicon ya kristalo imodzi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake, mphamvu zake zamagetsi, komanso kugwirizana ndi njira zopangira semiconductor. Komabe, kutengera ntchito ndi zofunikira zina, zida zina zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kupanga zowotcha. Nazi zitsanzo:
