Photoresist ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza ndi kupanga mabwalo abwino azithunzi mumakampani azidziwitso a optoelectronic. Mtengo wa ndondomeko ya photolithography umakhala pafupifupi 35% ya ndondomeko yonse yopangira chip, ndipo nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito imakhala 40% mpaka 60% ya ndondomeko yonse ya chip. Ndilo gawo lofunikira pakupanga semiconductor. Zipangizo za Photoresist zimakhala pafupifupi 4% ya mtengo wonse wa zida zopangira chip ndipo ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga semiconductor integrated circuit circuit.
Kukula kwa msika waku China photoresist ndikwambiri kuposa mayiko apadziko lonse lapansi. Malinga ndi zomwe zachokera ku Prospective Industry Research Institute, zomwe dziko langa limapereka kwa photoresist mchaka cha 2019 zinali pafupifupi ma yuan 7 biliyoni, ndipo kukula kwapawiri kuyambira 2010 kwafika 11%, komwe ndikwambiri kuposa kukula kwapadziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, zogulira zakomweko zimangotenga pafupifupi 10% ya gawo lapadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo kulowetsedwa kwapakhomo kwapezeka makamaka kwa owonera otsika a PCB. Mlingo wodzikwanira wa photoresists mu LCD ndi semiconductor minda ndi yotsika kwambiri.
Photoresist ndi sing'anga yosamutsira zithunzi yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito kusungunuka kosiyanasiyana pambuyo poyatsa kuwala kusamutsa mawonekedwe a chigoba kupita ku gawo lapansi. Amapangidwa makamaka ndi photosensitive agent (photoinitiator), polymerizer (photosensitive resin), zosungunulira ndi zowonjezera.
The zopangira photoresist makamaka utomoni, zosungunulira ndi zina zina. Mwa iwo, zosungunulira zimawerengera gawo lalikulu kwambiri, nthawi zambiri kuposa 80%. Ngakhale zina zowonjezera zimakhala zosakwana 5% ya misa, ndizinthu zazikulu zomwe zimatsimikizira zapadera za photoresist, kuphatikizapo photosensitizers, surfactants ndi zipangizo zina. Mu njira ya photolithography, photoresist imakutidwa mofanana pa magawo osiyanasiyana monga zowotcha za silicon, galasi ndi zitsulo. Pambuyo powonekera, chitukuko ndi etching, chitsanzo pa chigoba chimasamutsidwa ku filimu kuti apange mawonekedwe a geometric omwe amagwirizana kwathunthu ndi chigoba.
Photoresist akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu malinga ndi minda yake kumunsi ntchito: semiconductor photoresist, gulu photoresist ndi PCB photoresist.
Semiconductor photoresist
Pakali pano, KrF/ArF akadali zinthu zogwiritsiridwa ntchito kwambiri. Ndi chitukuko cha maulendo ophatikizika, teknoloji ya photolithography yadutsa mu chitukuko kuchokera ku G-line (436nm) lithography, H-line (405nm) lithography, I-line (365nm) lithography, mpaka kuzama ultraviolet DUV lithography (KrF248nm ndi ArF193nm), Kumiza kwa 193nm kuphatikiza ukadaulo wojambula angapo (32nm-7nm), kenako mpaka ultraviolet (EUV, <13.5nm) lithography, komanso ngakhale non-optical lithography (electron beam exposure, ion beam exposure), ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma photoresists okhala ndi mafunde ofananirako monga mafunde azithunzithunzi agwiritsidwanso ntchito.
Msika wa photoresist uli ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwamakampani. Makampani aku Japan ali ndi mwayi wokwanira pantchito ya semiconductor photoresists. Opanga opanga ma semiconductor photoresist akuphatikizapo Tokyo Ohka, JSR, Sumitomo Chemical, Shin-Etsu Chemical ku Japan; Dongjin Semiconductor ku South Korea; ndi DowDuPont ku United States, komwe makampani aku Japan amakhala pafupifupi 70% ya msika. Pankhani ya malonda, Tokyo Ohka imatsogolera pamagulu a g-line/i-line ndi Krf photoresists, ndi magawo amsika a 27.5% ndi 32.7% motsatana. JSR ili ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri pamsika wa Arf photoresist, pa 25.6%.
Malinga ndi zolosera za Fuji Economic, mphamvu yopanga guluu ya ArF ndi KrF padziko lonse lapansi ikuyembekezeka kufika matani 1,870 ndi 3,650 mu 2023, ndi kukula kwa msika pafupifupi 4.9 biliyoni ndi 2.8 biliyoni. Phindu lalikulu la atsogoleri aku Japan a photoresist a JSR ndi TOK, kuphatikiza photoresist, ndi pafupifupi 40%, pomwe mtengo wa zinthu zopangira photoresist umakhala pafupifupi 90%.
Opanga zithunzi zapakhomo za semiconductor photoresist akuphatikiza Shanghai Xinyang, Nanjing Optoelectronics, Jingrui Co., Ltd., Beijing Kehua, ndi Hengkun Co., Ltd. Pakadali pano, Beijing Kehua ndi Jingrui Co., Ltd. , ndi zinthu za Beijing Kehua zaperekedwa ku SMIC. The 19,000 tons/chaka ArF (dry process) photoresist project yomwe ikumangidwa ku Shanghai Xinyang ikuyembekezeka kufika popanga zonse mu 2022.
Gulu la Photoresist
Photoresist ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga gulu la LCD. Malinga ndi ogwiritsa ntchito osiyanasiyana, imatha kugawidwa kukhala guluu wa RGB, guluu la BM, guluu la OC, guluu la PS, guluu la TFT, ndi zina zambiri.
Gulu lojambula zithunzi limaphatikizapo magulu anayi: TFT wiring photoresists, LCD/TP spacer photoresists, color photoresists ndi photoresists wakuda. Mwa iwo, ma TFT wiring photoresists amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ITO wiring, ndipo LCD/TP precipitation photoresists amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga makulidwe a zinthu zamadzimadzi za kristalo pakati pa magawo awiri agalasi a LCD osakhazikika. Ma photoresists amtundu ndi ma photoresists akuda amatha kupatsa zosefera zamitundu ntchito zopangira utoto.
Msika wa gulu la photoresist uyenera kukhala wokhazikika, ndipo kufunikira kwa ma photoresists amitundu kukutsogola. Akuyembekezeka kuti kugulitsa padziko lonse lapansi kudzafika matani 22,900 ndipo kugulitsa kudzafika US $ 877 miliyoni mu 2022.
Kugulitsa kwa TFT panel photoresists, LCD/TP spacer photoresists, ndi photoresists wakuda akuyembekezeka kufika US $ 321 miliyoni, US $ 251 miliyoni, ndi US $ 199 miliyoni motsatana mu 2022. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwa Zhiyan Consulting, kukula kwa msika wapadziko lonse lapansi wa photoresist kudzafika. RMB 16.7 biliyoni mu 2020, ndi kukula pafupifupi 4%. Malingana ndi kuyerekezera kwathu, msika wa photoresist udzafika ku RMB 20,3 biliyoni ndi 2025. Pakati pawo, ndi kusamutsidwa kwa malo ogulitsa LCD, kukula kwa msika ndi kukhazikika kwa LCD photoresist m'dziko langa zikuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono.
PCB Photoresist
PCB photoresist akhoza kugawidwa mu UV kuchiritsa inki ndi UV kutsitsi inki malinga ndi ❖ kuyanika njira. Pakali pano, ogulitsa PCB zoweta inki pang'onopang'ono akwaniritsa zoweta m'malo, ndi makampani monga Rongda Photosensitive ndi Guangxin Zida adziwa umisiri kiyi wa PCB inki.
Domestic TFT photoresist ndi semiconductor photoresist akadali mu gawo loyamba lofufuza. Jingrui Co., Ltd., Yak Technology, Yongtai Technology, Rongda Photosensitive, Xinyihua, China Electronics Rainbow, ndi Feikai Materials onse ali ndi masanjidwe pagawo la TFT photoresist. Mwa iwo, Feikai Materials ndi Beixu Electronics akonza zopanga mpaka matani 5,000 / chaka. Yak Technology yalowa mumsikawu potenga gulu la photoresist la LG Chem, ndipo ili ndi maubwino mumayendedwe ndiukadaulo.
Kwa mafakitale omwe ali ndi zotchinga zapamwamba kwambiri monga photoresist, kukwaniritsa zotsogola pamlingo waukadaulo ndiye maziko, ndipo chachiwiri, kuwongolera kosalekeza kwa njira kumafunikira kuti zikwaniritse zosowa zakukula kwachangu kwamakampani opanga ma semiconductor.
Takulandirani kutsamba lathu kuti mudziwe zambiri zamalonda ndi kukambirana.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-27-2024