Kukula kwa silicon imodzi ya crystal kumachitika kwathunthu m'munda wotentha.Munda wabwino wamatenthedwe umathandizira kuwongolera mtundu wa kristalo ndipo uli ndi luso lapamwamba la crystallization.Mapangidwe a malo otentha kwambiri amatsimikizira kusintha ndi kusintha kwa kutentha kwa kutentha mu gawo lotentha lamphamvu.Kuthamanga kwa mpweya m'chipinda cha ng'anjo ndi kusiyana kwa zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'munda wotentha zimatsimikiziranso moyo wautumiki wa malo otentha.Malo otenthetsera opangidwa mopanda nzeru amangopangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kulima makhiristo omwe amakwaniritsa zofunikira, komanso sangathe kukula makhiristo athunthu pansi pazofunikira zina.Ichi ndichifukwa chake makampani a silicon a Czochralski monocrystalline silicon amawona kapangidwe ka malo otentha ngati ukadaulo wapakatikati ndipo amaika anthu ogwira ntchito komanso zinthu zakuthupi pakufufuza ndi chitukuko.
Thermal system imapangidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zakumalo otentha.Tidzangofotokoza mwachidule zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu malo otentha.Ponena za kugawa kwa kutentha m'munda wotentha komanso momwe zimakhudzira kukoka kwa kristalo, sitidzasanthula apa.Zotentha zakumunda zimatanthawuza ng'anjo ya crystal kukula vacuum.Magawo owoneka bwino komanso otetezedwa ndi thermally mchipindacho, omwe ndi ofunikira kuti apange nsalu yoyenera kutentha mozungulira semiconductor kusungunuka ndi makhiristo.
imodzi.Thermal field structural materials
Zofunikira zothandizira pakukulitsa silicon imodzi ya kristalo ndi njira ya Czochralski ndi graphite yoyera kwambiri.Zida za graphite zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pamakampani amakono.Pokonzekera silicon imodzi ya kristalo ndi njira ya Czochralski, imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zopangira matenthedwe monga ma heaters, machubu owongolera, ma crucibles, machubu otsekera, ndi ma tray crucible.
Zinthu za graphite zidasankhidwa chifukwa chosavuta kukonzekera m'mabuku akuluakulu, kutheka komanso kutentha kwambiri.Mpweya wamtundu wa diamondi kapena graphite uli ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri kuposa chinthu chilichonse kapena pawiri.Zinthu za graphite zimakhala zamphamvu, makamaka kutentha kwambiri, ndipo mphamvu yake yamagetsi ndi matenthedwe ndi yabwino kwambiri.Kuwongolera kwake kwamagetsi kumapangitsa kukhala koyenera ngati chotenthetsera, ndipo kumakhala ndi matenthedwe okhutiritsa omwe amatha kugawira mofanana kutentha komwe kumapangidwa ndi chowotcha ku crucible ndi mbali zina za malo otentha.Komabe, pa kutentha kwakukulu, makamaka pa mtunda wautali, njira yaikulu yotumizira kutentha ndi ma radiation.
graphite mbali poyamba anapanga ndi extrusion kapena isostatic kukanikiza zabwino carbonaceous particles wothira ndi binder.Zigawo za graphite zapamwamba nthawi zambiri zimapanikizidwa ndi isostatically.Chidutswa chonsecho chimapangidwa ndi kaboni kenaka chimapangidwa ndi graphit pa kutentha kwambiri, pafupi ndi 3000 ° C.Magawo opangidwa kuchokera ku monoliths awa nthawi zambiri amayeretsedwa mumlengalenga wokhala ndi chlorine pa kutentha kwambiri kuti achotse kuipitsidwa kwachitsulo kuti agwirizane ndi zofunikira zamakampani a semiconductor.Komabe, ngakhale ndi kuyeretsedwa koyenera, milingo yoyipitsidwa ndi zitsulo ndi maulamuliro apamwamba kuposa omwe amaloledwa ndi zida za silicon single crystal.Choncho, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa pakupanga malo otentha kuti ateteze kuipitsidwa kwa zigawozi kuti zisalowe m'madzi osungunuka kapena kristalo.
Zinthu za graphite ndizochepa pang'ono, zomwe zimalola zitsulo zotsalira mkati kuti zifike pamwamba.Kuphatikiza apo, silicon monoxide yomwe ilipo mu gasi wotsuka mozungulira pamwamba pa graphite imatha kulowa mkati mwazinthu zambiri ndikumachita.
Zowotchera ng'anjo zoyambirira za crystal silicon zidapangidwa ndi zitsulo zosakanizika monga tungsten ndi molybdenum.Pamene luso la graphite processing likukhwima, mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimagwirizanitsa zigawo za graphite zimakhala zokhazikika, ndipo zowotchera za kristalo wa ng'anjo ya crystal imodzi zalowa m'malo mwa tungsten ndi molybdenum ndi ma heaters ena.Zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakali pano ndi isostatic graphite.semicera angapereke apamwamba isostatically mbamuidwa graphite zipangizo.
Mu Czochralski single crystal silicon ng'anjo, zida zophatikizika za C / C nthawi zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo tsopano zikugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma bolts, mtedza, crucibles, mbale zonyamula katundu ndi zida zina.Mpweya wa carbon/carbon (c/c) ndi zinthu zophatikizika ndi mpweya wa carbon fiber.Amakhala ndi mphamvu zenizeni zenizeni, ma modulus apamwamba kwambiri, kutsika kwamafuta pang'ono, kukhathamiritsa kwamagetsi, kulimba kwakukulu kwapang'onopang'ono, mphamvu yokoka yotsika, kukana kugwedezeka kwamafuta, kukana kwa dzimbiri, Lili ndi mndandanda wazinthu zabwino kwambiri monga kukana kutentha kwambiri ndipo pakadali pano ndizofala kwambiri. amagwiritsidwa ntchito muzamlengalenga, kuthamanga, biomaterials ndi madera ena ngati mtundu watsopano wazinthu zosagwirizana ndi kutentha kwambiri.Pakadali pano, cholepheretsa chachikulu chomwe zida zapakhomo za C / C zophatikizika ndizovuta komanso zamakampani.
Palinso zida zina zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga minda yotentha.Mpweya wokhazikika wa graphite uli ndi makina abwino;komabe, ndi okwera mtengo ndipo amaika zofunikira zina zapangidwe.Silicon carbide (SiC) ndi chinthu chabwino kuposa graphite m'njira zambiri, koma ndiyokwera mtengo kwambiri komanso yovuta kupanga zida zazikulu.Komabe, SiC nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokutira za CVD kuonjezera moyo wa zigawo za graphite zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi mpweya woopsa wa silicon monoxide komanso kuchepetsa kuipitsidwa kwa graphite.Chophimba chowundana cha CVD silicon carbide chimalepheretsa zowononga mkati mwa microporous graphite zakuthupi kuti zifike pamwamba.
Wina ndi CVD carbon, womwe ungathenso kupanga wandiweyani pamwamba pa ma graphite.Zida zina zolimbana ndi kutentha kwambiri, monga molybdenum kapena zida za ceramic zomwe zimagwirizana ndi chilengedwe, zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamene palibe chiopsezo choipitsidwa ndi kusungunuka.Komabe, zoumba za oxide ceramic sizikwanira kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi zida za graphite pa kutentha kwakukulu, nthawi zambiri zimasiya njira zingapo ngati kutenthetsa kukufunika.Imodzi ndi hexagonal boron nitride (yomwe nthawi zina imatchedwa white graphite chifukwa cha katundu wofanana), koma imakhala ndi machitidwe olakwika.Molybdenum nthawi zambiri ndiyoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwakukulu chifukwa cha mtengo wake wocheperako, kutsika kochepa kwa makristasi a silicon, komanso kutsika kwa tsankho, pafupifupi 5 × 108, zomwe zimalola kuipitsidwa kwa molybdenum musanawononge mawonekedwe a kristalo.
awiri.Thermal field insulation materials
Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri zotchinjiriza ndi mpweya womveka m'njira zosiyanasiyana.Mpweya wa kaboni umapangidwa ndi ulusi wopyapyala womwe umagwira ntchito ngati kutentha chifukwa umatsekereza cheza chambiri nthawi zambiri patali pang'ono.Mpweya wofewa wa kaboni umalukidwa kukhala mapepala owonda kwambiri, omwe kenaka amawadula m'mawonekedwe omwe akufunidwa ndi kupindika molimba mpaka kumtunda wokwanira.Kumverera kochiritsa kumapangidwa ndi zida zofananira za ulusi, pogwiritsa ntchito chomangira chokhala ndi kaboni kulumikiza ulusi wobalalika kukhala chinthu cholimba komanso chokongola.Kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wa mpweya wa carbon m'malo mwa zomangira kungathe kusintha makina azinthuzo.
Childs, padziko kunja kwa insulating anachiritsa anamva wokutidwa ndi mosalekeza graphite ❖ kuyanika kapena zojambulazo kuchepetsa kukokoloka ndi kuvala komanso particulate kuipitsidwa.Mitundu ina ya zida zodzitetezera ku carbon imakhalansopo, monga mpweya wa carbon.Nthawi zambiri, zida zojambulidwa zimakondedwa chifukwa graphitization imachepetsa kwambiri gawo la ulusi.Zida zam'mwambazi zimalola kutulutsa mpweya pang'ono ndipo zimatenga nthawi yocheperako kuti ng'anjoyo isagwe bwino.Mtundu wina ndi C/C composite material, yomwe ili ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri monga kulemera kopepuka, kulolerana kwakukulu, ndi mphamvu zambiri.Ntchito m'minda matenthedwe m'malo mbali graphite, amene kwambiri amachepetsa m'malo pafupipafupi mbali graphite ndi bwino limodzi galasi khalidwe ndi bata kupanga.
Malinga ndi kagawidwe kazinthu zopangira, mpweya wa kaboni ukhoza kugawidwa mu polyacrylonitrile-based carbon feel, viscose-based carbon feeling, ndi asphalt-based carbon.
Polyacrylonitrile-based carbon kumva imakhala ndi phulusa lalikulu, ndipo ma monofilaments amakhala osasunthika pambuyo pa chithandizo cha kutentha kwambiri.Pa ntchito, fumbi amapangidwa mosavuta kuipitsa ng'anjo chilengedwe.Pa nthawi yomweyo, ulusi mosavuta kulowa anthu pores ndi kupuma thirakiti, kuwononga thanzi la munthu;Viscose-based carbon kumva Imakhala ndi zinthu zabwino zotchinjiriza matenthedwe, imakhala yofewa ikatha kutentha, ndipo sichitha kutulutsa fumbi.Komabe, gawo la mtanda wa zingwe zokhala ndi viscose zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osagwirizana ndipo pali mitsinje yambiri pamtunda wa fiber, yomwe imakhala yosavuta kupanga pamaso pa mpweya wotsekemera mu Czochralski single crystal silicon ng'anjo.Mipweya monga CO2 imayambitsa mpweya ndi zinthu za kaboni muzinthu za crystal silicon imodzi.Opanga akuluakulu akuphatikizapo SGL yaku Germany ndi makampani ena.Pakalipano, mpweya wopangidwa ndi phula ndi womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani opanga ma semiconductor single crystal, ndipo ntchito yake yotchinjiriza ndi yabwinoko kuposa ya kaboni yomata.Mpweya wopangidwa ndi chingamu ndi wotsika kwambiri, koma mpweya wopangidwa ndi asphalt uli ndi chiyero chachikulu komanso kutulutsa fumbi kochepa.Opanga akuphatikiza Kureha Chemical yaku Japan, Osaka Gasi, ndi zina.
Popeza mawonekedwe a mpweya wa kaboni samakhazikika, zimakhala zovuta kugwira ntchito.Tsopano makampani ambiri apanga zida zatsopano zotchinjiriza zotengera mpweya wa carbon - wochiritsidwa wa carbon.Mpweya wochiritsidwa umatchedwanso hard feeling.Ndi carbon anamva kuti ali ndi mawonekedwe enaake ndi kudziletsa yekha pambuyo impregnated ndi utomoni, laminated, olimba ndi carbonized.
Kukula kwa silicon imodzi ya crystal silicon kumakhudzidwa mwachindunji ndi malo otentha, ndipo zida za carbon fiber insulation zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'malo awa.Mpweya wotentha wa carbon fiber wofewa wofewa umakhalabe wopindulitsa kwambiri pamakampani a photovoltaic semiconductor chifukwa cha mtengo wake, mphamvu yabwino yotchinjiriza, kapangidwe kosinthika komanso mawonekedwe osinthika.Kuphatikiza apo, kaboni fiber rigid insulation imawoneka kuti idzakhala ndi malo okulirapo pamsika wazinthu zotentha chifukwa cha mphamvu zake komanso magwiridwe antchito apamwamba.Ndife odzipereka ku kafukufuku ndi chitukuko m'munda wa zipangizo kutchinjiriza matenthedwe ndi mosalekeza kukhathamiritsa ntchito mankhwala kulimbikitsa chitukuko ndi chitukuko cha photovoltaic semiconductor makampani.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-15-2024